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scores of nearly complete systema skeletale of prehistoric marine reptiles have been uncovered near a thawing glacier in southerly Chile .
Scientists found 46 specimen from four dissimilar species of extinctichthyosaurs . These creatures , whose Grecian name means " fish lizards , " were a group of large , immobile - swim marine reptile that lived during the Mesozoic Era , about 245 million to 90 million years ago .
One of the 46 ichthyosaur fossils discovered near a glacier in southern Chile.
The new see skeletal system are from both conceptus and adults . The creatures , probably drink down during a serial of ruinous mudslides , were preserved in deep - sea sediment that were later exposed by the melting glacier , the researchers said in the study , published May 22 in the diary Geological Society of America Bulletin . [ See Photos of the Ichthyosaur Graveyard institute in Chile ]
ichthyosaur had torpedo - shaped body with perpendicular flippers , and farseeing snouts with teeth .
" They look a bunch like dolphins today , " enounce Wolfgang Stinnesbeck , a paleontologist at the University of Heidelberg in Germany and the leader of the study .
Stinnesbeck and his team ascertain the Early Cretaceous ( 150 million to 100 million year old ) specimens near the Tyndall Glacier in the Torres del Paine National Park in Chile . As the glacier disappear , the rock containing the fossils became expose , Stinnesbeck told Live Science .
Very few of the ancient reptile have been base in South America before ; only a few remnants of costa John Milton Cage Jr. and vertebra had been found .
The largest ichthyosaur skeleton in the closet unearth in Chile measuring rod more than 16 feet ( 5 m ) long . The skeletons were highly well maintain — some even retain soft tissues . The researchers also foundfossil embryosinside a distaff specimen . They assign the fossils to the familyOphthalmosauridae .
These " fish lizards " plausibly hunted in an underwater canon near the coastline , pursue a dieting of squidlike animals and fish , the researchers said . Occasionally , there would have been mudflows that cascade into the urine like an avalanche , and the researcher retrieve these mudflows drink down the ichthyosaurs . The animals likely became disorient and drown , getting sucked into the recondite sea , where their bodies were bury in the deposit , the researchers said .
Ichthyosaursswam the seas at the same clip as dinosaur roamed the Earth and pterosaurs reigned the skies , but they may have die out out before their land- and aura - habitation brethren , Stinnesbeck articulate . A global depletion of oxygen in the oceans , possibly due to volcanism , may have caused the extinction of these seagoing reptiles , he tell .
The discovery of these creatures establishes the Chilean glacier as one of the meridian land site for former Cretaceous shipboard soldier reptiles worldwide , the researchers said . But getting to the fogey site is half the conflict . To reach it , the team had to drive for five minute , hike for 10 to 12 hours to camp and then hike another two hour , sometimes in hard rain , hail or Baron Snow of Leicester .
" This has been one of the toughest field camps I ever had , " Stinnesbeck said .
